??????????

? ?????????? ??? ??????? (1916-23) ?? ????????????? ??? 350.000 ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???.

? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???????????, ???? ????????? ? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???????. ?? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? 09.12.1948 ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????????. ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????, ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????.

? ????????? ??????????, ??? ??? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ???????????? (1461) ??????? ???????? ????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???, ?? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????-?????????? ??? ????? ???.

? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????, ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????????, ?????? ?????????????? ???????. ? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? 1911, ??????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?' ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? (1919-23).

?? ??? ?????????? ??? 1908 ?? ??????????, ?? ?????????? ??? ????? ????, ??? ?????? ?.?. ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????. ?????? ???? ?????? ? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ????.

? ?????? ??? ?' ?????????? ???????, ???? ????? ? ??????? ??????????????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????, ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????????, ?? ?????????? ???? ?????????.

???? ??? ?. ???????????, ?? 1914 �????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????, ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????????. ?????????? ?? ??? ? ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??? 153.000� ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???????. ?????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ???? ??? ???? ????????? �?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ???????. ?????? ?????, ??????? '???????. ?? ??? ????????. ?? ??? ?????????????? ????? ????�.

?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? ???????? �????? ?????????�, ??? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? �??? ?? ?????????? ??' ????????? ??????. ?? ????????? ??????????, ????? ??????, ???????????????? ??????????� ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????, ??? ??????? (?????? ??????) ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???????-??????????? �??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????????, ??? 18 ???? ?? ????????????, ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????� (?. ?. ?????????). �???? ???? ????? ????????, ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ????????, ??????????????, ????????? ??? ??????????, ???????????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??????..� (?. ?????). ?? ????? ????????? �??????? ????????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????. ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????????? ?????, ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????, ??????? ?????????? ??? ????????????, ??????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????????�. (?. ?. ?????????).

??????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????, ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????. ? ??????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??' ??? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???????. ? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???????, ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????? �? ??????? ??? ???? ????????� (?. ?. ?????????).

�.. ?? ??? 25.000 ???????????? ??? ???????? ?????????????, ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? 6% ??? ????? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????????, ?? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? 35% ?????????? ??? ?????????????, ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????????... ? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????????, ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????... ? ??????? ????????-???????????�????�?????? ????????? 167.450. ?? ?????? 45.000 ??????? ?????????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ??? 90.000 ?????????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?. ?????. ?? ??? ???????????? 80% ???????? ?? ??????, ?? ??? ???????, ??? ?????????????? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ??? 72 ????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???????.�. ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??????.

???? 19 ????? 1919, ??????? ? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????????. ? ???????? ????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ???????????, ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? Nasihye Komisyonu, ?????? ??? �???????????? ?????????�. ? ????? ??????? ?? ????????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????, ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????. ??????, ????, ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??????????? ????, ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ???.

?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ????????, ?? Mutafai Milliye, ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?? 1916. ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ???, ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? l?????, ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ? ?????.

????? ??? ????????? ????????? Mutafai Milliye ???? ? ????? ?????, ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ?. ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? �... ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????-????? ????????????? ?? 70 ??????? ????????�.

? ???????? ?????, ?????????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ??????, ?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????????, ?????? ? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???. ????????, ???? ? ??????? �?????????????�, ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ????? ???, ????? ? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????.

? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????? Mutafai Milliye, ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ? ????????? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ?. ?. ????????? ?????????? ?? 70.000.

???? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????. ???? 13 ??????????? ??? 1920, �???????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ??? 15 ????.. ???????, ?????????, ?????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????... ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????????????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ?? ??????????, ????????? 500 ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? (?. ????????????).???? ??????? ?????????????, ??????, ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????, ???????????? ???????, ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????, ??????????? 300 ???????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? Belle Vue, ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? (?.????????????).

?? �???????????� ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ???????????, ??? ?? �??????????� ??? ??????? ??? ?????. l???????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????-??????. ?? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???? 26 ????????? ??? 1921, ??????????? ?????????????? ?? ????: �.. ?????? ?? '??????? ??? 15 ?????? 70 ???? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????, ?????????, ???????? ??? ???????? �???- �???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????, ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????????????? ?? ?????.. ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???. ???????? ??' ????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????, ??? ?????????? ???, ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???????????. ? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???' ?????? ??????????????...�.

??????? ?? ???????????, ?? ??? ????????????? ???, ???????? ??? ???? ????, ???? ???? ??? 21 ?????????? ??? 1921- ?? ????????? ????????????. ? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? �???????? ??????????? ????????????�, ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? '???????, ??? ??????????, ?????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????????.

??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ???????????? ??? ???????????? ??? 350.000 ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????????. ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????????.